Evaglip

Adlina-EM tablet is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Dosage & Administration

Recommended dose
: 10 mg Empagliflozin and 5 mg Linagliptin once daily, taken in the morning, with or without food.
Increased dose
: Dose may be increased to 25 mg Empagliflozin and 5 mg Linagliptin once daily.
Renal impaired patients
: Assess renal function before initiating this tablet. Do not initiate this tablet if eGFR is below 45 mL/min/1.73 m
2.
Discontinue taking this tablet if eGFR falls below 45 ml/min/1.73 m
2

The following important adverse reactions are described below and elsewhere in the labeling: Pancreatitis, Ketoacidosis, Volume Depletion, Urosepsis and Pyelonephritis, Hypoglycemia with Concomitant Use with Insulin and Insulin Secretagogues, Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Perineum (Fournier’s Gangrene), Genital Mycotic Infections, Hypersensitivity Reactions, Severe and Disabling Arthralgia, Bullous Pemphigoid. Heart Failure.

Precaution should be taken in some disease conditions like Pancreatitis, Hypotension, Ketoacidosis, Acute kidney injury and impairment in renal function, Urosepsis and Pyelonephritis, Hypoglycemia, Genital Mycotic Infections, Hypersensitivity etc.
Pancreatitis
: Acute pancreatitis, including fatal pancreatitis, has been reported in patients treated with Linagliptin.
Ketoacidosis
: Reports of ketoacidosis, a serious life-threatening condition requiring urgent hospitalization have been identified in clinical trials and postmarketing surveillance in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, including Empagliflozin. Fatal cases of ketoacidosis have been reported in patients taking Empagliflozin.
Volume Depletion
: Empagliflozin can cause intravascular volume depletion which may sometimes manifest as symptomatic hypotension or acute transient changes in creatinine.
Urosepsis and Pyelonephritis
: There have been postmarketing reports of serious urinary tract infections including urosepsis and pyelonephritis requiring hospitalization in patients receiving SGLT2 inhibitors, including Empagliflozin. Treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors increases the risk for urinary tract infections.
Hypoglycemia with Concomitant Use with Insulin & Insulin Secretagogues
: Insulin and insulin secretagogues are known to cause hypoglycemia.
Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Perineum (Fournier’s Gangrene)
: Reports of necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum (Fournier’s gangrene), a rare but serious and life-threatening necrotizing infection requiring urgent surgical intervention, have been identified in postmarketing surveillance in patients with diabetes mellitus receiving SGLT2 inhibitors, including Empagliflozin.
Genital Mycotic Infections
: Empagliflozin increases the risk for genital mycotic infections. • Hypersensitivity Reactions. Severe and Disabling Arthralgia Bullous Pemphigoid.
Heart Failure
: An association between DPP-4 inhibitor treatment and heart failure has been observed in cardiovascular outcomes trials for two other members of the DPP-4 inhibitor class. These trials evaluated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Linagliptin inhibits DPP-4 enzyme which declines the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). Linagliptin increases the concentrations of active incretin hormones, stimulating the release of insulin in a glucose-dependent manner and decreasing the levels of glucagon. Both incretin hormones are involved in the physiological regulation of glucose homeostasis. Incretin hormones are secreted at a low basal level throughout the day and levels rise immediately after meal intake. GLP-1 and GIP increase insulin biosynthesis and secretion from pancreatic beta cells in the presence of normal and elevated blood glucose levels. Furthermore, GLP-1 also reduces glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells, resulting in a reduction in hepatic glucose output.
Empagliflozin is an inhibitor of Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2). SGLT2 is the predominant transporter responsible for reabsorption of glucose from kidney back into the circulation. By inhibiting SGLT2, Empagliflozin reduces renal reabsorption of filtered glucose and lowers the renal threshold for glucose, and thereby increases urinary glucose excretion.